linux中mysql启动服务命令

　　Linux下使用相关命令可以直接启动mysql服务，下面由学习啦小编为大家整理了linux下mysql启动服务命令的相关知识，希望对大家有帮助!

学习啦在线学习网 　　linux的mysql启动服务命令

　　linux的mysql启动服务命令1：使用mysqld启动、关闭MySQL服务

学习啦在线学习网 　　mysqld是MySQL的守护进程，我们可以用mysqld来启动、关闭MySQL服务，关于mysqld, MySQL 5.6官方介绍资料如下所示：

　　mysqld, also known as MySQL Server, is the main program that does most of the work in a MySQL installation. MySQL Server manages access to the MySQL data directory that contains databases and tables. The data directory is also the default location for other information such as log files and status files.

　　When MySQL server starts, it listens for network connections from client programs and manages access to databases on behalf of those clients.

学习啦在线学习网 　　The mysqld program has many options that can be specified at startup. For a complete list of options, run this command:

学习啦在线学习网 　　shell> mysqld --verbose --help

学习啦在线学习网 　　MySQL Server also has a set of system variables that affect its operation as it runs. System variables can be set at server startup, and many of them can be changed at runtime to effect dynamic server reconfiguration. MySQL Server also has a set of status variables that provide information about its operation. You can monitor these status variables to access runtime performance characteristics.

学习啦在线学习网 　　如果MySQL是rpm方式安装的话，mysqld位于/usr/sbin下，如果MySQL是二进制安装的话，mysqld则位于bin目录下面。

　　[root@localhost ~]# whereis mysqld

　　mysqld: /usr/sbin/mysqld /usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz

学习啦在线学习网 　　[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/mysqld stop

　　2016-06-27 14:52:54 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

学习啦在线学习网 　　2016-06-27 14:52:54 9315 [ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

　　2016-06-27 14:52:54 9315 [ERROR] Aborting

　　2016-06-27 14:52:54 9315 [Note] Binlog end

学习啦在线学习网 　　2016-06-27 14:52:54 9315 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

学习啦在线学习网 　　[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/mysqld start

　　2016-06-27 14:52:59 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

学习啦在线学习网 　　2016-06-27 14:52:59 9316 [ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

学习啦在线学习网 　　2016-06-27 14:52:59 9316 [ERROR] Aborting

　　2016-06-27 14:52:59 9316 [Note] Binlog end

　　2016-06-27 14:52:59 9316 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

　　linux的mysql启动服务命令2：使用mysqld_safe启动、关闭MySQL服务

　　很多时候，人们会纠结mysqld与mysqld_safe的区别. 其实mysqld_safe是一个脚本，一个非常安全的启动、关闭MySQL服务的脚本。它实际上也是调用mysqld来启动、关闭MySQL服务。关于mysqld_safe，可以参考官方文档mysqld_safe — MySQL Server Startup Script

　　linux的mysql启动服务命令3：使用mysql.server启动、关闭MySQL服务

　　[root@localhost mysql]# ./mysql.server stop

学习啦在线学习网 　　Shutting down MySQL..[ OK ]

学习啦在线学习网 　　[root@localhost mysql]# ./mysql.server start

学习啦在线学习网 　　Starting MySQL..[ OK ]

　　[root@localhost mysql]#

　　mysql.server其实也是一个脚本，它通过调用msqld_safe来启动、关闭MySQL服务。部分脚本脚本如下

　　[root@localhost mysql]# more mysql.server

学习啦在线学习网 　　#!/bin/sh

学习啦在线学习网 　　# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB

学习啦在线学习网 　　# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind

学习啦在线学习网 　　# MySQL daemon start/stop script.

　　# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based

　　# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.

　　# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is

　　# started and shut down when the systems goes down.

　　# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux

学习啦在线学习网 　　# chkconfig: 2345 64 36

　　# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.

　　# Comments to support LSB init script conventions

学习啦在线学习网 　　### BEGIN INIT INFO

　　# Provides: mysql

学习啦在线学习网 　　# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs

　　# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd

　　# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs

　　linux的mysql启动服务命令4：使用mysqld_multi启动、关闭MySQL服务

　　当服务器上运行了多个MySQL实例时，mysqld_multi是一个非常棒的管理MySQL服务器的工具。当然在使用前，你必须提前做配置

学习啦在线学习网 　　[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysqld_multi stop 1

　　[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysqld_multi start 1

学习啦在线学习网 　　mysqld_multi is designed to manage several mysqld processes that listen for connections on different Unix socket files and TCP/IP ports. It can start or stop servers, or report their current status.

学习啦在线学习网 　　mysqld_multi searches for groups named [mysqldN] in my.cnf (or in the file named by the --defaults-file option). N can be any positive integer. This number is referred to in the following discussion as the option group number, or GNR. Group numbers distinguish option groups from one another and are used as arguments tomysqld_multi to specify which servers you want to start, stop, or obtain a status report for. Options listed in these groups are the same that you would use in the[mysqld] group used for starting mysqld. (See, for example, Section 2.10.5, “Starting and Stopping MySQL Automatically”.) However, when using multiple servers, it is necessary that each one use its own value for options such as the Unix socket file and TCP/IP port number. For more information on which options must be unique per server in a multiple-server environment, see Section 5.6, “Running Multiple MySQL Instances on One Machine”.

　　linux的mysql启动服务命令5：使用service 启动、关闭MySQL服务

学习啦在线学习网 　　service mysql start

　　service mysql stop

学习啦在线学习网 　　service mysql restart

学习啦在线学习网 　　其实如果你对service比较熟悉的话，就会知道运行上面命令，其实是service命令去找/etc/init.d下的相关的mysql脚本去执行启动、关闭动作。

学习啦在线学习网 　　[root@DB-Server init.d]# ls my*

　　mysql mysql.server

　　[root@DB-Server init.d]#

学习啦在线学习网 　　linux的mysql启动服务命令6: 使用/etc/init.d/mysql启动、关闭MySQL服务。

　　如果你非常了解方法5，那么就多了这么一个启动数据库的方式。其实/etc/init.d/mysql也是一个脚本，它调用mysqld_safe脚本来启动MySQL服务。如下所示，你会看到相关代码

学习啦在线学习网 　　[root@DB-Server bin]# /etc/init.d/mysql start

　　Starting MySQL....[ OK ]

　　[root@DB-Server bin]# /etc/init.d/mysql stop

学习啦在线学习网 　　Shutting down MySQL..[ OK ]

　　[root@DB-Server bin]#

学习啦在线学习网 　　6：使用mysqladmin关闭数据库

　　mysqladmin是一个执行管理操作的客户程序，这个命令可以使用安全模式关闭数据库，但是不能启动数据库。当然它可以停止和启动MySQL replication on a slave server

　　[root@DB-Server bin]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown

　　Enter password: