高一英语语法大全
高一英语语法大全
学习啦在线学习网 高一英语语法是学习整个高中英语语法的开始，也关系到整个高中英语语法的基础好坏，那么高一英语语法有哪些内容呢?下面由学习啦小编为大家整理的高一英语语法大全，希望对大家有所帮助!
高一英语语法大全
虚拟语气在各种从句的应用
主语从句的虚拟
1. It is + adj. + that sb. (should) do
学习啦在线学习网 常见的形容词有：necessary, important, strange, natural
学习啦在线学习网 It's important that he take my advice.
2. It is + n. + that sb. (should) do
常见的名词有：a pity, a shame, no wonder, one's wish
It's a pity that he be so silly.
3. It is + done + that sb. (should) do
学习啦在线学习网 常见的过去分词有：suggested, advised, demanded, requested, required, asked, ordered,
学习啦在线学习网 proposed, decided, desired, insisted等。
It's requested that she go home as soon as possible.
宾语从句的虚拟
学习啦在线学习网 1. 表命令，表建议，表要求的动词，后接宾语从句虚拟。虚拟的构成为(should) do。
I advise that he stay at home.
2. wish后接从句，虚拟的构成是往过去推一个时态。
学习啦在线学习网 I wish I had watched the football match last night.
注意以下几组词或短语用于虚拟语气中。
1. as if, as though
学习啦在线学习网 He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.
学习啦在线学习网 2. otherwise, but, even though
学习啦在线学习网 He was ill. Otherwise he would have been there.
学习啦在线学习网 3. with, without, but for
Without your help, I would have died two years ago.
But for your help, I would have died two years ago.
4. would rather I'd rather you told me yourself.
学习啦在线学习网 5. It's time that
学习啦在线学习网 It's time that you went to bed.
It's time that you should go to bed.
表语从句中的虚拟
学习啦在线学习网 在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：
学习啦在线学习网 His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
名词从句部分
1. that不可省略的情况
2. that引导同位语从句和that引导定语从句的区别：同位语从句中的that是连词，不做成分，只连接主从句，不能省略;定语从句中的that要代替先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或者表语，并且做宾语时可以省略。从语义上看，同位语从句是对前面名词的解释、说明或内容;而定语从句时对前面名词的限定。
We should consider the students’request that the school library provide more books on
学习啦在线学习网 popular science. (that引导同位语从句)
The only hope that he expressed was that they would do what they could to help the people
in disaster areas. (that引导定语从句)
3. 要根据句子结构尤其是谓语动词判断从句的类型：
学习啦在线学习网 What is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一个主语从句和一个表语从句，主句的动词为is。
It is known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
本句含有一个主语从句，主句的动词为is known to。
As is known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
学习啦在线学习网 本句含有一个定语从句，主句的动词为took place，as引导非限制性定语从句。
4. 名词性从句的语序和语态。
名词性从句均应用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序，其时态应该和主句时态保持一致。
5. 名词性从句中连词的省略。
介词后的连词以及引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。that引导名词从句(除了引导第一个宾语从句可省略外)都不可省略，但是引导定语从句并在从句中做宾语时可以省略。
that不能省略的情况：
1)介词后面的that不能省略：
Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.
学习啦在线学习网 2)当that引导的宾语从句位于句首时：
学习啦在线学习网 That he ever did such a thing I don’t believe.
3)主句谓语动词和that从句之间有插入语，that不省略：
She said that, if she failed, she would try again.
4)当宾语从句有其他从属连词时，that不省略：
He told me that if it was necessary they would work extra time.
6.名词性从句中it的使用：
为了保持句子平衡，多数情况下，it作形式主语或形式宾语，将真正的主语或宾语从句后置。
定语从句
学习啦在线学习网 关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和关系副词when, where, why。
学习啦在线学习网 (1)that指物时一般可与which互换，但在下列情况下，要用that而不用which。
学习啦在线学习网 a. 先行词有all, everything等不定代词时，如，
Everything (that) he did is wrong.
b. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时，如，
I'll read all the books (that) you lend me.
c. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，
学习啦在线学习网 This is the first letter (that) the boy has written.
d. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时，如
He is the very man (that) I'm looking for.
学习啦在线学习网 e. 只用which的情况
在介词后或在非限定性定语从句中
This is the book about which we have talked a lot.
学习啦在线学习网 The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting.
f. where和when作关系副词
This is the room where I worked.
This is the room which I stayed in.
I remembered the day when we lived there.
学习啦在线学习网 I remembered the day that I spent there.
g. as和which
学习啦在线学习网 as 可以放于句首，而which 不可以
As you know, he is good at English.
three of them 和three of which
I have a lot of books, three of which are in Russian.
I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.
(2. )“介词+关系代词”的情况：
学习啦在线学习网 在固定短语中介词不能提前;判断介词的口诀：瞻前顾后看意义
学习啦在线学习网 瞻前——看先行词;顾后——找从句动词;看意义——看全句表达含义
(3. )先行词在从句中充当地点状语时，关系词用where 或者介词加which;先行词在从句中充当时间状语时，关系词用when或者介词加which;先行词在从句中充当原因状语时，关系词用why或者for which。
学习啦在线学习网 (4. )注意as和which在非限制性定语从句中代表主句所表达的内容的区别：
学习啦在线学习网 位置不同：as从句放在主句前或后均可;而which从句只能放在主句后
学习啦在线学习网 作用不同：as从句动词常常是see \know等，因而相当于插入语;which从句则在陈述一件事实。
状语从句部分
1.while 是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。
学习啦在线学习网 2. no matter wh- 与wh-ever 的联系及区别：no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，No matter wh-不能。
学习啦在线学习网 No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.
学习啦在线学习网 3. 在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，
用一般过去时表过去将来时。在since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。
4. 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：①否定词开头;②so 加adj. 开头;③as /
学习啦在线学习网 though引导的让步状语从句。
5. 连词before小结：
学习啦在线学习网 We had sailed four days before we saw land. (……才)
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. (不到……就)
Please write it down before you forget it. (趁……)
学习啦在线学习网 Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. (还没来得及)
It will be/was…before…要过多久才……
学习啦在线学习网 6. because, since, as 引导原因从句的区别：because表达直接原因，语气最强，回答why;
学习啦在线学习网 since通常放句首，译为“既然”;as引导不谈自明的原因，语气最弱;
7. as可以引导多种从句，要注意其中的区别。
8. till, until和not…until的区别;if和unless的区别。
非谓语动词部分
学习啦在线学习网 动词不定式几点注意。
1.下列动词或动词短语后接不定式：agree, seem, appear, offer, happen, wish, hope, pay,
学习啦在线学习网 expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to,
学习啦在线学习网 would like to等。
学习啦在线学习网 2. 不定式常用的句型：too…to do (太……而不能), …enough to do…(够……就能
……), so as to do/in order to do(为了……)，so…as to do/such…as to do(如
此……结果……)。
学习啦在线学习网 3. 不定式的三个结构：即否定结构、复合结构和疑问结构。
学习啦在线学习网 否定结构为“not (never) to do”;疑问结构是特殊疑问词“how (what, which, who, whether…) to do”;复合结构是“for/ of +名词(或代词宾格)+ to do ”。
4. let/ make/ have/ see/ hear/ notice/ observe/ listen to/ look at/ watch/feel
这些动词带不定式作宾补时，省掉to, 若这些动词以被动形式出现时，应加上to。
学习啦在线学习网 5. 当前面是the first, the second, the last, need, plan, time, chance, right,determination,
ability, opportunity(机会)，way时，一般用不定式作定语。
6. but/ except + to do/ do 结构，要根据谓语动词来确定其后面的形式。当谓语动词是do,
does, did时，but后用动词原形;谓语动词是其他动词时，but后用“to + 动词原形”的形式。
7. 形容词后一般用不定式(除busy, worth 两个外)。
学习啦在线学习网 You are sure to succeed. 你一定能成功。
学习啦在线学习网 He is busy preparing his lessons at present. 他现在正忙于预习功课。
8. 不定式作定语和表语时，有时需要在后面放上一个适当的介词。
学习啦在线学习网 This is a bench to sit on.(这是用来坐的凳子。)
This room is comfortable to live in. (这个房间住起来很舒适。)
9. 在“主语+系动词+adj.+不定式”这个句型中，当主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，不定式不用被动，不能在动词后再放宾语。
学习啦在线学习网 The question is easy to answer. (question是answer的宾语，不能说：The question is easy to be answered. 也不能说：The question is easy to answer it .)
包含高中英语全部语法的13个句型
1. as 句型
(1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……;正如……”
学习啦在线学习网 例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.
正如(像) 你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。
(2) as+形容词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ; 否定式：not as/so --- as
例：He is as good a player as his sister.
他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……
学习啦在线学习网 例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.
她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。
学习啦在线学习网 (4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……
学习啦在线学习网 例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5) such...as... 象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句)
例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。
(6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句)
例：He is not the same man as he used to be.
他不是从前的那样子了。
学习啦在线学习网 (7) as 引导非限制性定语从句
学习啦在线学习网 例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.
学习啦在线学习网 众所周知，知识就是力量。
(8)引导时间状语从句，与while意义相近
学习啦在线学习网 例：We get wiser as we get older.
随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。
(9) 引导原因状语从句，与 because的用法相近
学习啦在线学习网 例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.
因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。
(10) 引导让步状语从句
学习啦在线学习网 例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.
尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。
2. prefer 句型
(1) prefer to do sth
学习啦在线学习网 例：I prefer to stay at home.
我宁愿呆在家里。
学习啦在线学习网 (2) prefer doing sth
例：I prefer playing in defence.
我喜欢打防守。
学习啦在线学习网 (3) prefer sb to do sth
例：Would you prefer me to stay?
你愿意我留下来吗?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth… 宁愿…...而不愿...
学习啦在线学习网 例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
学习啦在线学习网 我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.
学习啦在线学习网 (5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例：I prefer watching football to playing it.
学习啦在线学习网 我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee.
学习啦在线学习网 我要茶不要咖啡。
3. when 句型
(1) was/were doing sth...when...
学习啦在线学习网 例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。
(2) was/were about to do sth ... when ...
学习啦在线学习网 例：We were about to start when it began to rain.
我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。
(3) had just done ... when ...
学习啦在线学习网 例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.
在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝，电话铃就响了。
4. seem 句型
学习啦在线学习网 (1) It +seems + that从句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
看来好像每个人都很满意。
(2) It seems to sb that ...
例：It seems to me that she is right.
我看她是对的，
学习啦在线学习网 (3) There seems to be ...
学习啦在线学习网 例：There seems to be a heavy rain.
学习啦在线学习网 看上去要有一场大雨。
(4) It seems as if ...
学习啦在线学习网 例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
看样子她不能来上课了。
学习啦在线学习网 5. 表示“相差……; 增加了……; 增加到……”的句型
(1) She is taller than I by three inches.
她比我高三英寸
学习啦在线学习网 (2) There is one year between us.
我们之间相差一岁。
(3) She is three years old than I.
她比我大三岁。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.
学习啦在线学习网 他们把价格上涨了50%
学习啦在线学习网 (5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.
学习啦在线学习网 他的工资已经涨到了每月10,000元。
学习啦在线学习网 6. what 引导的名词性从句
(1) what 引导主语从句
例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
学习啦在线学习网 让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡。
[ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的]
学习啦在线学习网 (2) what 引导宾语从句
例：We can learn what we do not know.
我们能学会我们不懂的东西。
学习啦在线学习网 (3) what 引导表语从句
学习啦在线学习网 例：That is what I want.
那正是我所要的。
(4) what 引导同位语从句
例：I have no idea what they are talking about.
学习啦在线学习网 我不知道他们正在谈论什么。
学习啦在线学习网 7. too句型
(1) too ... to do ...
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
学习啦在线学习网 政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。
(2) only too ... to do ...
学习啦在线学习网 例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.
学习啦在线学习网 我要回到家里就非常高兴。
(3) too + adj + for sth
学习啦在线学习网 例：These shoes are much too small for me.
我穿这双鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n.
例：This is too difficult a text for me.
这篇课文对我来说太难了。
(5) can't … too +形容词 无论……也不为过
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
学习啦在线学习网 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
8. where 句型
学习啦在线学习网 (1) where 引导的定语从句
学习啦在线学习网 例：This is the house where he lived last year.
这就是他去年住过的房子。
(2) where 引导的状语从句
学习啦在线学习网 例：Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find.
他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。
I will go where I want to go.
学习啦在线学习网 我要去我想去的地方。
(3) where 引导的表语从句
学习啦在线学习网 例：This is where you are wrong.
学习啦在线学习网 这正是你错的地方。
9. wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人现在做某事
例：I wish I were as strong as you.
我希望和你一样强壮。
(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人过去做某事
学习啦在线学习网 例： I wish you had told me earlier
学习啦在线学习网 要是你早点告诉我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人将来做某事
例：I wish you would succeed this time.
我希望你这次会成功。
学习啦在线学习网 10. would rather 句型
学习啦在线学习网 (1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做……而不愿做……
学习啦在线学习网 例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.
学习啦在线学习网 她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。
学习啦在线学习网 (2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事
例：I would rather have taken his advice.
我宁愿过去接受他的意见。
(3) would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人过去做过某事
例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.
我真希望通过上星期的考试。
学习啦在线学习网 (4) would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人现在或将来做某事
例： Who would you rather went with you?
你宁愿谁和你一起去?
学习啦在线学习网 11. before 句型
学习啦在线学习网 (1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.
我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。
(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……
学习啦在线学习网 例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.
学习啦在线学习网 他还有四年时间变毕业了。
(3) had done some time before (才……)
学习啦在线学习网 例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。
学习啦在线学习网 (4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……
例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
学习啦在线学习网 我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。
(5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就……
例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.
还没到两年他们离开了那国家。
12. 强调句型
学习啦在线学习网 (1) It is /was +被强调部分+that(who)...
例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.
是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。
学习啦在线学习网 (2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ...
例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?
学习啦在线学习网 在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗?
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that ...
学习啦在线学习网 例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
学习啦在线学习网 明天你究竟怎样去看望她?
学习啦在线学习网 (4) do/does/did +谓语动词 (强调谓语)
例：They do know the place well.
学习啦在线学习网 他们的确很熟悉那个地方。
13. 用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型
(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.
学习啦在线学习网 例：I would like to have written to you.
我本想给你写信的。
学习啦在线学习网 (2) was / were going to do sth.(用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么)
例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.
Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。