托福阅读解题技巧之表格题目
托福阅读考试有哪些题型?每一种题型应该如何解答呢?这些可能都是大家在托福备考的过程当中需要掌握的，今天这里小编就为大家带来了托福阅读表格题目的解题方法学习啦在线学习网，希望对大家托福提分有帮助。
托福阅读解题技巧之表格题目
IBT阅读中的表格题是新题型，同时在IBT听力部分也出现了。与听力部分不同的是，IBT阅读部分的表格题既包括了对全文重点内容的发问又包括了对全文主题和结论发问。它们以对比表格和总结表格的形式出现。相对于听力表格题来说，阅读部分的难度系数更大一些。在IBT阅读的3篇文章中有两个此类问题，且通常是文章最后一道题目，为2分。
一、表格题分为两大类：总结表格题和对比表格题。
1、总结表格题
学习啦在线学习网相对而言， 总结表格题的出现频率要高于对比表格题，这是由它们自身特点，出题方式和原文是否具备对比对照关系这三方面的因素决定的。
2、题的出题模式有两种：
学习啦在线学习网一种是针对全文内容出题，答案由全文的主题，细节和重点支持段落的概述三部分组成。另外一种是针对文章中的重点支持性段落出题，答案由这些重点支持性段落主题，段落结论，以及重点支持性例子的概述三部分组成。这里我们重点看第一种出题模式。
我们来看一个例子，
The Atlantic Cod Fishery
学习啦在线学习网Off the northeastern shore of North America, from the island of Newfoundland in Canada south to new England in the United States, there is a series of shallow areas called banks. Several large banks off Newfoundland are together called Grand Banks, huge shoals on the edge of North American continental shelf, where the warm waters of the Gulf Stream meet the cold waters of Labrador Current. As the currents brush each other, they stir up mineral from the ocean floor, providing nutrients for plankton and tiny shrimp-like creatures called krill, which feed on the plankton. Herring and other small fish rise to the surface to eat the krill. Groundfish, such as the Atlantic cod, live in the ocean’s bottom layer, congregating in the shallow waters where they prey on krill and small fish. This rich environment has produced cod by the millions and once had a greater density of cod than anywhere else on Earth.
学习啦在线学习网Beginning in the eleventh century, boats from the ports of north western Europe arrived to fish the Grand Banks. For the next eight centuries, the entire Newfoundland economy taking fish back to European markets. Cod laid out to dry on wooden “flakes” was a common sight in the fishing villages dotting the coast. Settlers in the region used to think the only sea creature worth talking about was cod, and in the local speech the word “fish” became synonymous with cod. Newfoundland’s national dish was a pudding whose main ingredient was cod.
学习啦在线学习网By the nineteenth century, the Newfoundland fishery was largely controlled by merchants based in the capital at St. John’s. They marketed the catch supplied by the fishers working out of more than 600 villages around the long coastline. In return, the merchants provided fishing equipment, clothing, and all the food that could not be grown in the island’s thin, rocky soil. This system kept the fishers in a continuous state of debt and dependence on the merchants.
托福阅读真题100篇原文+题目1
PASSAGE 19
The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.
In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.
This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.
When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms.
学习啦在线学习网Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.
(B) The evolution of cities in North America
(C) Trade between North American and European cities
学习啦在线学习网(D) The effects of the United Sates' independence on urban growth in New England.
2. The word they in line 4 refers to
(A) North American colonies
(B) cities
(C) centuries
(D) town economies
学习啦在线学习网3. The passage compares early European and North American cities on the basis of which of the
following?
(A) Their economic success
(B) The type of merchandise they exported
学习啦在线学习网(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements
学习啦在线学习网(D) The pace of their development
4. The word accordingly in line 11 is closest in meaning to
学习啦在线学习网(A) as usual
学习啦在线学习网(B) in contrast
学习啦在线学习网(C) to some degree
学习啦在线学习网(D) for that reason
学习啦在线学习网5. According to the passage , early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline of
North America due to
学习啦在线学习网(A) an abundance of natural resources
学习啦在线学习网(B) financial support from colonial governments
学习啦在线学习网(C) proximity to parts of Europe
学习啦在线学习网(D) a favorable climate
6. The passage indicates that during colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared which of
the following for shipment to Europe?
(A) Manufacturing equipment
学习啦在线学习网(B) Capital goods
(C) Consumer goods
(D) Raw materials
学习啦在线学习网7. According to the passage , all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced the
学习啦在线学习网growth of southern cities EXCEPT the
学习啦在线学习网(A) location of the plantations
(B) access of plantation owners to shipping
学习啦在线学习网(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents
(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantations
8. It can be inferred from the passage that, in comparison with northern cities, most southern
cities were
学习啦在线学习网(A) more prosperous
(B) smaller
(C) less economically self-sufficient
(D) tied less closely to England than to France
9. The word recorded in line 26 is closest in meaning to
学习啦在线学习网(A) imagined
(B) discovered
学习啦在线学习网(C) documented
学习啦在线学习网(D) planned
学习啦在线学习网10. The word drawing in line 28 is closest in meaning to
学习啦在线学习网(A) attracting
(B) employing
(C) instructing
(D) representing
11. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line 29) because it was a time of
学习啦在线学习网(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth
(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade
学习啦在线学习网(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms
学习啦在线学习网(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states
答案：BBDDC DCBCA C
托福阅读真题100篇原文+题目2
PASSAGE 20
(25)
In seventeenth-century colonial North America, all day-to-day cooking was done in the fireplace. Generally large, fireplaces were planned for cooking as well as for warmth. Those in the Northeast were usually four or five feet high, and in the South, they were often high enough for a person to walk into. A heavy timber called the mantel tree was used as a lintel to support the stonework above the fireplace opening. This timber might be scorched occasionally, but it was far enough in front of the rising column of heat to be safe from catching fire.
学习啦在线学习网Two ledges were built across from each other on the inside of the chimney. On these rested the ends of a lug pole from which pots were suspended when cooking. Wood from a freshly cut tree was used for the lug pole, so it would resist heat, but it had to be replaced frequently because it dried out and charred, and was thus weakened. Sometimes the pole broke and the dinner fell into the fire. When iron became easier to obtain, it was used instead of wood for lug poles, and later fireplaces had pivoting metal rods to hang pots from.
学习啦在线学习网Beside the fireplace and built as part of it was the oven. It was made like a small, secondary fireplace with a flue leading into the main chimney to draw out smoke. Sometimes the door of the oven faced the room, but most ovens were built with the opening facing into the fireplace. On baking days (usually once or twice a week) a roaring fire of oven wood, consisting of brown maple sticks, was maintained in the oven until its walls were extremely hot. The embers were later removed, bread dough was put into the oven, and the oven was sealed shut until the bread was fully baked.
学习啦在线学习网Not all baking was done in a big oven, however. Also used was an iron bake kettle, which looked like a stewpot on legs and which had an iron lid. This is said to have worked well when it was placed in the fireplace, surrounded by glowing wood embers, with more embers piled on its lid.
1. Which of the following aspects of domestic life in colonial North America does the passage
mainly discuss?
学习啦在线学习网(A) methods of baking bread
(B) fireplace cooking
(C) the use of iron kettles in a typical kitchen
(D) the types of wood used in preparing meals
2. The author mentions the fireplaces built in the South to illustrate
学习啦在线学习网(A) how the materials used were similar to the materials used in northeastern fireplaces
学习啦在线学习网(B) that they served diverse functions
学习啦在线学习网(C) that they were usually larger than northeastern fireplaces
(D) how they were safer than northeastern fireplaces
3. The word scorched in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) burned
(B) cut
(C) enlarged
(D) bent
4. The word it in line 6 refers to
学习啦在线学习网(A) the stonework
(B) the fireplace opening
学习啦在线学习网(C) the mantel tree
(D) the rising column of heat
学习啦在线学习网5. According to the passage , how was food usually cooked in a pot in the seventeenth century?
(A) By placing the pot directly into the fire
(B) By putting the pot in the oven
(C) By filling the pot with hot water
(D) By hanging the pot on a pole over the fire
6. The word obtain in line 12 is closest in meaning to
学习啦在线学习网(A) maintain
学习啦在线学习网(B) reinforce
学习啦在线学习网(C) manufacture
学习啦在线学习网(D) acquire
学习啦在线学习网7. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2 as a disadvantage of using a wooden lug
pole?
(A) It was made of wood not readily available.
(B) It was difficult to move or rotate.
学习啦在线学习网(C) It occasionally broke.
(D) It became too hot to touch.
学习啦在线学习网8. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that, compared to other firewood, oven wood produced
(A) less smoke
(B) more heat
学习啦在线学习网(C) fewer embers
(D) lower flames
9. According to paragraph 3, all of the following were true of a colonial oven EXCEPT:
(A) It was used to heat the kitchen every day.
(B) It was built as part of the main fireplace.
学习啦在线学习网(C) The smoke it generated went out through the main chimney.
(D) It was heated with maple sticks.
学习啦在线学习网10. According to the passage , which of the following was an advantage of a bake kettle?
(A) It did not take up a lot of space in the fireplace.
学习啦在线学习网(B) It did not need to be tightly closed.
学习啦在线学习网(C) It could be used in addition to or instead of the oven.
(D) It could be used to cook several foods at one time.
答案：BCACD DCBAA
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★ 托福阅读题型讲解
托福阅读解题技巧之表格题目
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