2025年考研英语(二)真题及参考答案
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2025年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语 (二) 试题及参考答案
学习啦在线学习网Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
There are many understandable reasons why you might find it difficult to ask for help when you need it. Psychologists have been interested in this _1_ for decades, not least because people’ s widespread _2_ to ask for help has led to some high-profile failures.
Asking or help takes _3_ . It involves communicating a need on your part-there's something you can't do. _4_ , you' re broadcasting your own weaknesses which can be _5_ . You might worry about coming across as incompetent. You might have _6_ about losing control of whatever it is you' re asking for help with. _7_ someone starts to help, perhaps they’ ll take over, or get credit for your earlier efforts. Yet another _8_ that might be worried about is being a nuisance or _9 the person you go to for help.
学习啦在线学习网If you struggle with low self-esteem, you might find it especially difficult to _10_ for help because you have the added worry of the other person _11_ your request. You might see such refusals as implying something _12_ about the status of your relationship with them. To _13_ these difficulties, try to remind yourself that everyone
学习啦在线学习网needs help sometimes. Nobody knows everything and can do everything all by themselves. And while you might _14_ coming across as incompetent, there's actually research that shows that advice-seekers are15_ as more competent, not less.
Perhaps most encouraging of all is a paper from 2022 by researchers at Stanford University that involved a mix of contrived help-seeking interactions and asking people to _16_ times they’ d sought help in the past. The findings showed that help-seeker generally underestimate how17_ other people will be to help and how good it' ll make the help-giver feel (for most people, having the chance to help someone is highly18_).
So, bear all this in mind the next time you need to ask for help19_ , take care over who you ask and when you ask them. And if someone can't help right now, avoid talking it personally. They might just be too _20_ , or they might not feel confident about their ability to help
1. [A] illusion [B] discussion [C] tradition [D] question
学习啦在线学习网2. [A] reluctance [B] ambition [C] tendency [D] enthusiasm
学习啦在线学习网3. [A] attention [B] talent [C] courage [D] patience
4. [A] At any time [B] In other words [C] By all means [D] On the contrary
学习啦在线学习网5. [A] unrealistic [B] deceptive [C] tiresome [D] uncomfortable
6. [A] doubts [B] concerns [C] suggestions [D] secrets
7. [A] Once [B] Unless [C] Although [D] Before
8. [A] theory [B] choice [C] factor [D] context
学习啦在线学习网9. [A] overpraising [B] outperforming [C] reassessing [D] 无
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10. [A] reach out [B] settle down [C] turn over [D] look back
11. [A] declining [B] considering [C] criticising [D] evaluating
12. [A] unnecessary [B] negative [C] strange [D] impractical
学习啦在线学习网13. [A] explain [B] identify [C] predict [D] overcome
14. [A] deny [B] forget [C] miss [D] fear
学习啦在线学习网15. [A] disguised [B] perceived [C] followed [D] introduced
16. [A] read [B] classify [C] analyse [D] compare
17. [A] brave [B] surprising [C] rewarding [D] demanding
学习啦在线学习网18. [A] relaxing [B] disappointed [C] willing [D] hesitant
学习啦在线学习网19. [A] Thus [B] Also [C] Finally [D] Instead
20. [A] polite [B] proud [C] busy [D] lazy
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
学习啦在线学习网Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWERSHEET.(40 points)
Text 1
U. S. customers historically tipped people they assumed were earning most of their income via tips, such as restaurant servers earning less than the minimum wage. In the early 2010s, a wide range of businesses started processing purchases with iPads and other digital payment systems. These systems prompted customers to tip for services that were not previously tipped.
Today's tip requests are often not connected to the salary and service
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norms that used to determine when oud how people tip. Customers in the past nearly always paid tips after receiving a service, such as at the conclusion of a restaurant meal, after getting a haircut or once a pizza was delivered. That timing could reward high-quality service and give workers an incentive to provide it.
It's becoming more common for tips to be requested beforehand. And new tipping technology may even automatically add tips.
The prevalence of digital payment devices has made it easier to ask customers for a tip. That helps explain why tip requests are creeping into new kind of services. Customers now routinely see menus of suggested default options-often well above 70% of what they owe. The amounts have risen from 10% or less in the 1950s to 15% around the year 2000 to 20% or higher today. This increase is sometimes called tipflation-the expectation of ever-higher tip amounts.
Tipping has always been a vital source of income for workers in historically tipped services, like restaurants, where the tipped minimum wage can be as low as US $2.13 an hour. Tip creep and tip flation are now further supplementing the income of many low-wage service workers.
Notably, tipping primarily benefits some of these workers, such as cooks and dishwashers. To ensure that all employees were paid fair wages, some restaurants banned tipping and increased prices, but this movement toward no-tipping services has largely fizzled out.
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学习啦在线学习网21. According to paragraph 1, the practice of tips in the U. S. _ .
[A] was regarded by many customers as a sign of generosity
学习啦在线学习网[B] was considered essential for waiters
[C] was a way of rewarding diligence
[D] was optional in most businesses
22. Compared with tips in the past, today's tips _ .
[A] are paid much less frequently
[B] are less often requested in advance
[C] have less to do with service quality
[D] contributed less to workers' income
23. Tip requests are creeping into new kind of service as a result of _.
学习啦在线学习网[A] the advancement of technology
[B] the desire for income increase
学习啦在线学习网[C] the diversification of business
学习啦在线学习网[D] the emergence of tipflation
24. The movement toward to no-tipping service was intended to _ .
[A] promote consumption
[B] enrich income sources
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[C] maintain reasonable prices
学习啦在线学习网[D] guarantee income fairness
学习啦在线学习网25. It can be learned from the last paragraph that tipping _ .
[A] is becoming a burden for customers
[B] helps encourage quality service
[C] is vital to business development
[D] reflects the need to reduce prices
Text 2
When it was established, the National Health service (NHS) was visionary: offering high-quality, timely care to meet the dominant needs of the population it served/ Nearly 75 years on; with the UK facing very different health challenges, it is clear that model is out of date.
From life expectancy to cancer and infant mortality rates, we are lagging behind many of our peers/ With more than 6.8 million on waitlists, healthcare is becoming increasingly inaccessible for those who can not opt to pay for private treatment; and the cost of providing healthcare is increasingly squeezed out investment in other public services/ As demand for healthcare continues to grow, pressures on the workforce-which is already near breaking point-will only become more acute.
学习啦在线学习网Many of the answers to the crisis in health and care are well rehearsed./ We need to be much better at reducing and diverting demand on health services, rather than simply managing it./ Much more needs to be
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invested in communities and primary care to reduce our reliance on hospital's/ And capacity in social care needs to be greater, to support the growing number of people living with long-term conditions.
学习啦在线学习网26. According to the first two paragraphs, the NHS_ .
[A] is troubled by funding deficiencies
[B] can hardly satisfy people's needs
[C] can barely retain its current employees
学习啦在线学习网[D] is rivalled by private medical services
学习啦在线学习网27. One answer to the crisis in health and care is to _ .
学习啦在线学习网[A] boost the efficiency of hospitals
[B] lighten the burden on social care
学习啦在线学习网[C] increase resources for primary care
[D] reduce the pressure on communities
28. "Reimagining health"is aimed to _ .
[A] reinforce hospital management
学习啦在线学习网[B] readjust healthcare regulations
[C] restructure the health system
[D] resume suspended health reforms
29. To maximise the nation's health, the author suggests _ .
[A] introducing relevant taxation policies
学习啦在线学习网[B] paying due attention to social factors
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学习啦在线学习网[C] reevaluating major health outcomes
[D] enhancing the quality of healthcare
30. It can be inferred that local leaders should _ .
[A] exercise their power more reasonably
[B] develop a stronger sense of responsibility
学习啦在线学习网[C] play a bigger role in then health system
[D] understand people's health needs better
Text 3
Heat action plans, or HAPs, have been proliferating in India in the past few years. In general, a HAP spells out when and how officials should issue heat warnings and alert hospitals and other institutions. Nagpur's plan, for instance, calls for hospitals to set aside"cold wards"in the summer for treating heatstroke patients, and advises builders to give construction laborers a break from work on very hot days.
But implementation of existing HAPs has been uneven, according to a report from the Centre for Policy Research. Many lack adequate funding, it found. And their triggering thresholds often are not customized to the local climate. In some areas, high daytime temperatures alone might serve as an adequate trigger for alerts. But in other places, nighttime temperatures or humidity might be as important a gauge of risk as daytime highs.
Mumbai's April heatstroke deaths highlighted the need for more nuanced and localized warnings, researchers say. That day's high
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学习啦在线学习网temperature of roughly 36℃ was 1℃ shy of the heat wave alert threshold for coastal cities set by national meteorological authorities. But the effects of the heat were amplified by humidity— an often neglected factor in heat alert systems-and the lack of shade at the late-morning outdoor ceremony.
To help improve HAPs, urban planner Rajashree Kotharkar's team is working on a model plan that outlines best practices and could be adapted to local conditions. Among other things, she says, all cities should create a vulnerability map to help focus responses on the populations most at risk.
Such mapping doesn't need to be complex, Kotharkar says. "A useful map can be created by looking at even a few key parameters. "For example, neighborhoods with a large elderly population or informal dwellings might be poorer with heat could get special warnings or be bolstered with cooling centers. The Nagpur project has already created a risk and vulnerability map, which enabled Kotharkar to tell officials which neighborhoods to focus on in the event of a heat wave this summer.
学习啦在线学习网HAPs shouldn't just include short-term emergency responses, researchers say, but also recommend medium-to long-term measures that could make communities cooler. In Nagpur, for example, Kotharkar's team has been able to advise city officials about where to plant trees to provide shade. HAPs could also guide efforts to retrofit homes or modify building regulations. "Reducing deaths in an emergency is good target to have, but it's the lowest target, "says climate researcher Chandri Singh.
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31. According to Paragraph 1, Nagpur's plan proposes measures to _.
[A] tackle extreme weather
[B] ensure construction quality
[C] monitor emergency warnings
[D] address excessive workloads
32. One problem with existing HAPs is that they _ .
[A] prove too costly to be implemented
学习啦在线学习网[B] lack localized alert-issuing criteria
[C] give delayed responses to heat waves
[D] keep hospitals under great pressure
33. Mumbai's case shows that India's heat alert systems need to _ .
学习啦在线学习网[A] include other factors besides temperature
[B] take subtle weather changes into account
[C] prioritize potentially disastrous heat waves
[D] draw further support from local authorities
34. Kotharkar holds that a vulnerability map can help _ .
学习啦在线学习网[A] prevent the harm of high humidity
学习啦在线学习网[B] target areas needing special attention
学习啦在线学习网[C] expand the Nagpur project's coverage
[D] make relief plans for heat-stricken people
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学习啦在线学习网35. According to the last paragraph, researchers believe that HAPs should _.
学习啦在线学习网[A] focus more on heatstroke treatment
[B] apply for more government grants
[C] invite wider public participation
学习啦在线学习网[D] serve a broader range of purposes
Text 4
Navigating beyond the organised pavements and parts of our urban spaces, desire paths are the unofficial footprints of a community, revealing the unspoken preferences, shared shortcuts and collective choices of humans. Often appearing as trodden dirt tracks through otherwise neat green spaces, these routes of collective disobedience cut corners, bisect lawns and cross hills, representing the natural capability of people cand, animals, to go from point A to point B most effectively.
Urban planners interpret desire paths as more than just convenient shortcuts; they offer valuable insights into the dynamics between planning and behaviour.
学习啦在线学习网Navigating beyond the organised pavements and parks of our urban spaces, desire paths are the unofficial footprints of a community, revealing the unspoken preferences, shared shortcuts and collective choices of humans. Often appearing as trodden dirt tracks through otherwise neat green spaces, these routes of collective disobedience cut corners, bisect
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lawns and cross hills, representing the natural capability of people (and animals) to go from point A to point B most effectively.
学习啦在线学习网Urban planners interpret desire paths as more than just convenient shortcuts; they offer valuable insights into the dynamics between planning and behaviour. Ohio State University allowed its students to navigate the Oval, a lawn in the centre of campus, freely, then proceeded to pave the desire paths, creating a web of effective routes students had established.
学习啦在线学习网Yet, reluctance persists among other planners to integrate desire paths into formal plans, citing concerns about safety, environmental impact, or primarily, aesthetics. A Reddit webpage devoted to the phenomenon, boasting nearly 50,000 members, showcases images of local desire paths adorned with signs instructing pedestrians to adhere to designated walkways, underscoring the rebellious nature inherent in these human-made tracks. This clash highlights an ongoing struggle between the organic, user-driven evolution of public spaces and the desire for a visually curated and controlled urban environment.
The Wickquasgeck Trail is an example of a historical desire path, created by Native Americans to cross the forests of Manhattan and move between settlements quickly. This trail, when Dutch colonists arrived, was widened and made into one of the main trade roads across the island, known at the time as de Heere Straat, or Gentlemen’ s Street. Following the British assumption of control in New York, the street was renamed
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Broadway. Notably, Broadway stands out as one of the few areas in NYC that defies the grid-based system applied to the rest of the city, cutting a diagonal across parts of the city.
In online spaces, desire paths have sparked a fascination that can approach obsession, with the Reddit page serving as a hub. Contributors offer a wide array of stories, from little-known new shortcuts to long-established alternate routes.
Animal desire paths, such as ducks forging trails through frozen ponds or dogs carving direct routes in gardens, highlight the adaptability of these trails in both human and animal experiences. As desire paths criss-cross through both physical and virtual landscapes, they stand as a proof of the collective insistence on forging unconventional routes and embracing the spirit of communal choice.
学习啦在线学习网36. According to Paragraph 1, desire paths are a result of _ .
[A] the curiosity to explore surrounding hills
[B] the necessity to preserve green spaces
[C] the tendency to pursue convenience
[D] the wish to find comfort in solitude
学习啦在线学习网37. It can be inferred that Ohio State University _ .
学习啦在线学习网[A] intends to improve its desire paths
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[B] leads in the research on desire paths
[C] guides the creation of its desire paths
学习啦在线学习网[D] takes a positive view of desire paths
学习啦在线学习网38. The images on the Reddit webpage reflect _ .
[A] conflicting opinions on the use of desire paths
[B] the call to upgrade the designing of public spaces
学习啦在线学习网[C] the demand for proper planning of desire paths
[D] growing concerns over the loss of public spaces
39. The example of the Wickguasgeck Trail illustrates _ .
[A] the growth of New York City
[B] the Dutch origin of desire paths
学习啦在线学习网[C] the importance of urban planning
学习啦在线学习网[D] the recognition of desire paths
40. It can be learned from the last paragraph that desire paths _ .
[A] reveal humans' deep respect for nature
学习啦在线学习网[B] are crucial to humans' mental wellbeing
[C] are a human imitation of animal behaviour
学习啦在线学习网[D] show a shared trait in humans and animals
Part B
学习啦在线学习网Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by
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choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
[A] Stay positive
[B] Respect the past
[C] Use channels
[D] Give it time
[E] Invite resistance
学习啦在线学习网[F] Be a salesman
[G] Be humble
学习啦在线学习网Five Steps to Suggesting a Change at Work That' ll Actually Get Taken
Seriously
学习啦在线学习网Everyone wants to be that person— the one who looks at the same information as everyone else, but who sees a fresh, innovative solution. However, it takes more than simply having a good idea. How you share it is as important as the suggestion itself. Why? Because writing a new script-literally or figuratively-means that other team members will have to adapt to something new. So whether you' re suggesting a (seemingly) benign change like streamlining outdated protocol, or a bigger change like adding an hour to each workday so people can leave early on Fridays, you' re asking others to reimagine their workflow or schedule. Not to mention, if
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学习啦在线学习网the process your scrapping is one someone else suggested, there's the possibility of hurt feelings. To gain buy-in on an innovative, new idea, follow these steps:
41_.
Great ideas don't stand alone. In other words, you can't mention your suggestion once and expect it to be adopted. To see a change, you’ ll need to champion your plan and sell its merits. In addition, you need to be willing to stand up to scrutiny and criticism and be prepared to explain your innovation in different ways for various audiences.
42_.
Sometimes it makes sense to go to your boss first. But other times, it's useful to build a coalition among your co-workers or other stakeholders. When it works, it works great— because you' re ready for your stubborn supervisor's pushback with answers like, “Actually, I connected with a few people in our tech department to discuss how much time these kinds of website updates would take, and they suggested they have the bandwidth.
However, just be certain you can explain your end-around approach as one that built your case, rather than simply circumvented your manager. The last thing you want is for your boss to feel embarrassed he wasn't informed— which could lead him to quash the idea before it even takes off.
43_.
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学习啦在线学习网One of the biggest barriers to gaining buy-in occurs when the owner of an idea is viewed as argumentative, defensive, or close-minded. Because, let's be honest: No one likes a know-it-all. So, if people disagree with you, don't be indignant. Instead, listen to their concerns fully, try to understand their perspective, and include their concerns(and possible remedies) in future discussions.
学习啦在线学习网So, instead of saying, “Martha, our current slogan is confusing and should be updated,” you could try, “Martha raises a great point that our current slogan has a long history for our stakeholders, but I wonder if we might able to brainstorm a tagline that could build on that— and be clearer for new customers.”
44_.
New ideas are the grandchildren of old ones. In other words, don't throw old solutions under the bus to make your improvement stand out. Remember that in light of whatever the problem the old system solved— or, maybe, has failed to solve in recent memory— it was a great idea at the time. Appreciating the older contributions as you suggest future innovations helps bolster the credibility of your idea.
45_.
学习啦在线学习网When pitching a new idea, it's important use the language of abundance instead of the language of deficit. Instead of saying what is wrong, broken, or suboptimal, talk about what is right, fixable, or ideal.
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学习啦在线学习网For example, try, “I can see lots of applications for this new approach” rather than, “This innovation is the only way.” Be optimistic but realistic, and you will stand out.
学习啦在线学习网Section III Translation
46. Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
学习啦在线学习网You know the moment - the conversation. Slows, then there's a pause. It's awkward, and so awkward that some people will panic and say anything. Do we all find such silences so stressful?
Researchers analysed the frequency and impact of gaps greater than 2 seconds daring conversations, including an overview of previous studies which indicate that the fear of awkward silences can be so extreme that people avoid taking to strangers, even though doing so is likely to be an enjoyable experience.
学习啦在线学习网During conversations with short gaps, people feel more connected to their conversation partners. But such feeing of connection markedly dip when entering a long gap. Long gaps between strangers are likely to be followed by a change in topic.
学习啦在线学习网But the opposite seems to be true for conversations between friends. Long gaps there saw increased connection. Between friends, longer gaps seem to provide natural moments for reflection and expression.
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Section IV Writing
Part A
47. Directions:
Suppose you are planning a short play based on a classic Chinese novel. Write your friend John an e-mail to.
学习啦在线学习网1) introduce the play and
学习啦在线学习网2) invite him take part in it
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name. Use“Li Ming” instead.(10 points)
Part B
48. Directions:
Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should
1) interpret the chart, and
2) give your comments.
学习啦在线学习网You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)
学习啦在线学习网Section I Use of English
学习啦在线学习网1.【答案】[D] question
2.【答案】[A] reluctance
学习啦在线学习网3.【答案】[C] courage
学习啦在线学习网4.【答案】[B] In other words
5.【答案】[D] uncomfortable
6.【答案】[B] concerns
7.【答案】[A] Once
学习啦在线学习网8.【答案】[C] factor
学习啦在线学习网9.【答案】[D] inconveniencing
10.【答案】[A] reach out
11.【答案】[A] declining
12.【答案】[B] negative
13.【答案】[D] overcome
14.【答案】[D] fear
15.【答案】[B] perceived
学习啦在线学习网16.【答案】[A] recall
学习啦在线学习网17.【答案】[C] willing
18.【答案】[C] rewarding
学习啦在线学习网19.【答案】[B] also
20.【答案】[C] busy
学习啦在线学习网Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
学习啦在线学习网21.【答案】[B] was considered essential for waiters
22.【答案】[C] have less to do with service quality
23.【答案】[A] the advancement of technology
24.【答案】[B] guarantee income fairness
25.【答案】[A] is becoming a burden for customers
Text 2
26、【答案】[B] can hardly satisfy people's needs
27、【答案】[C] increase resources for primary care
学习啦在线学习网28、【答案】[C] restructure the health system
学习啦在线学习网29、【答案】[B] paying due attention to social factors
30、【答案】[D] understand people's health needs better
Text 3
31.【答案】[A] tackle extreme weather
学习啦在线学习网32.【答案】[B] lack localized alert-issuing criteria
学习啦在线学习网33.【答案】[A] include other factors besides temperature
学习啦在线学习网34.【答案】[B] target areas needing special attention
35.【答案】[D] serve a broader range of purposes
Text 4
36. 【答案】[C] the tendency to pursue convenience
37. 【答案】[D] takes a positive view of desired path
学习啦在线学习网Section III Translation (15 points)
46.
参考译文
学习啦在线学习网你知道那种时刻 —— 交谈中，语速慢了下来，然后出现了停顿。这很尴尬，非常尴尬，以至于有些人会惊慌失措，随便说些什么。我们都会觉得这样的沉默如此令人有压力吗?
研究人员分析了交谈中超过两秒的停顿的频率和影响，包括对之前研究的综述，这些研究表明，对尴尬沉默的恐惧可能非常强烈，以至于人们会避免与陌生人交谈，即使这样做可能是一种愉快的经历。
学习啦在线学习网在停顿较短的交谈中，人们会感觉与交谈伙伴更亲近。但当出现长时间停顿时，这种亲近感会明显下降。陌生人之间长时间停顿后很可能会转换话题。
但对于朋友之间的交谈，情况似乎正好相反。长时间停顿会增强亲近感。在朋友之间，较长的停顿似乎为反思和表达提供了自然的时刻。
参考范文
Dear John,
学习啦在线学习网I hope this email finds you well. I'm planning a short play based on the classic Chinese novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms." It'll be a creative adaptation that combines drama and modern elements. I sincerely invite you to take part in it. Your acting skills and passion for the arts would be a great asset. We'll have a lot of fun and create something amazing together. Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Ming
参考作文
The chart shows the daily leisure activities of the elderly in a community. It is clear that watching TV is the most popular activity, with 90.8% of the elderly choosing it. Walking comes second, with 68.3%. Gardening, reading, and playing chess are less popular, with percentages of 34.7%, 31.8%, and 18.4% respectively.
It is not surprising that watching TV is the top choice, as it is a convenient and entertaining way for the elderly to pass the time. However, it is also important for the elderly to engage in more physical and mental activities like walking, reading, and gardening. These activities can help them stay healthy and active.
考研英语二题型及分值
1、完型填空(10分) 较难，有技巧。复习时放在强化后期开始复习
2、阅读理解A(40分) 较难，很重要，必须尽早开始复习
学习啦在线学习网3、阅读理解B(10分) 较难，有技巧。复习时放在强化后期开始复习
学习啦在线学习网4、翻译(15分) 最难，有技巧。报考名校热门专业的同学需要重点复习
5、小作文(10分)
学习啦在线学习网6、大作文(15分) 较简单，需要重点复习
考研英语二难不难?
学习啦在线学习网考研英语二略高于大学英语六级，比专业八级又略简单一些。考研英语不考听力，这是和大学生英语等级测试不同的地方，而且考研英语有两篇小作文，这也是不同之处。也许对于听力不好的人，考研英语可能比四六级更简单，但是客观来说，考研英语绝对难于六级。