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高中英语倒装句常见结构和用法

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学习啦在线学习网高中英语倒装句常见结构和用法

  不单止语文有倒装句,英语也有用倒装句,学生需要知道倒装句的结构和用法,下面学习啦的小编将为大家带来高中英语的倒装句介绍,希望能够帮助到大家。

  高中英语倒装句常见结构和用法的介绍

  1完全倒装结构及用法

  一、具有“地点”意义的副词、时间意义的副词,以及能表移动方向的副词放在句首,句子的主语是名词,谓语是连系动词或表示“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时,该动词放在主语前面。如:There goes the bell.

  注意:当主语是人称代词时,尽管副词在句首,主谓不倒装。如:Out they rushed.

学习啦在线学习网   二、具有“方位”意义的介词短语或副词短语在句中作状语或表语放在句首,谓语是连系动词be,以及表示“位于、存在”或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时,该动词放在主语前面。如:Among the hens is a big cock.

  三、作表语的形容词或分词放在句首时,连系动词放在主语前面[英语语法]。如:Present at the party were the ladies in the big city.

学习啦在线学习网   四、全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。全部倒装常见结构有:

  1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。

  There goes the bell.

  Then came the chairman.

学习啦在线学习网   Here is your letter.

学习啦在线学习网   2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。

学习啦在线学习网   Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

学习啦在线学习网   Ahead sat an old woman.

  注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

学习啦在线学习网   Here he comes. Away they went.

学习啦在线学习网   2部分倒装结构及用法

学习啦在线学习网   把谓语的助动词、情态动词放在主语前面为部分倒装。在下列情形中出现部分倒装。

学习啦在线学习网   一、把“so ... that ...”句型中的“so + 形容词 / 副词”部分放在句首时,be动词或助动词放在主语前面。如:

  So frightened was the girl that she daren't move an inch further.

  二、用so,neither或nor构成的特殊句型,表示另一人或物也具有和前面提到的同样情况时,出现部分倒装。如:

学习啦在线学习网   Jim asked the question. So did Lily.

  三、把具有“否定”意义的词语放在句首时,出现部分倒装。如:

  Never shall I forget your advice.

学习啦在线学习网   四、注意下面几种情形的倒装:

学习啦在线学习网   1. “only + 状语从句”和“not until + 从句”位于句首时,在主句中进行倒装。如:

  Not until the child slept did the mother leave the room.

学习啦在线学习网   2. “not only...but also...”连接两个分句,not only位于句首时,倒装在not only所在分句进行。如:

  Not only were the children moved but also the adults showed their pity.

学习啦在线学习网   3. “no sooner...than...”句型中的no sooner位于句首时,倒装在no sooner 主句中进行;“hardly / scarcely...when...”句型中的hardly位于句首时,倒装在hardly / scarcely主句中进行。如:

  No sooner had I gone in the house than it began to rain.

  4. 当if引导从句表示虚拟语气时,if可省,再把从句中的were,had或should放在主语前面,形成部分倒装。如:

学习啦在线学习网   Had we been present, such a thing would not have happened.

学习啦在线学习网   5. 当as引导让步状语从句时,参照下面的形式进行特殊倒装。如:

学习啦在线学习网   Proud as these women are, they still look very weak. (作表语的形容词提前)

学习啦在线学习网   Student as he is, he often works in the factory. (作表语的名词提前,同时省去不定冠词a)

  Hard as she worked, she couldn't support her family. (修饰谓语动词的副词提前)

  Try as he would, he might fail again. (带助动词的谓语动词提前)

学习啦在线学习网   五、部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

  1)句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…,not only…(but also), hardly/scarcely…(when), no sooner…( than) 等。

学习啦在线学习网   Never have I seen such a performance.

学习啦在线学习网   Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

学习啦在线学习网   Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

  Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

  Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

学习啦在线学习网   No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

  2) so, either, nor作部分倒装

  Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

学习啦在线学习网   If you won''t go, neither will I.

学习啦在线学习网   3) only在句首要倒装的情况

学习啦在线学习网   Only in this way, can you learn English well.

学习啦在线学习网   Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

  Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

学习啦在线学习网   4) as, though引导的倒装句

学习啦在线学习网   as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。

  Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

  Young boy as he is, he knows a lot about basketball teams.

学习啦在线学习网   Hard as it was, they reached the peak of the mountain.

学习啦在线学习网   5) 其他部分倒装

  1)so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装。

  So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

  2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中:

  May you all be happy.

学习啦在线学习网   3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。

  Were I you, I would try it again.

学习啦在线学习网   常见考法 1. not until 引导时间状语(从句)时的倒装;

  2. 含so 的句子倒装与不倒装的区别;

  3. only引导状语或状语从句时的倒装;

  4. 虚拟条件句省略If时的倒装。

  误区提醒1) Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is

学习啦在线学习网   A. man did know B. man knew C. didn''t man know D. did man know

学习啦在线学习网   解析:答案为D.否定词not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

学习啦在线学习网   2) Do you know Tom bought a new car?

  I don''t know, ___.

  A. nor don''t I care B. nor do I care

  C. I don''t care, neither D. I don''t care also

学习啦在线学习网   解析:答案为B.句中的nor引出部分倒装结构,表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。

学习啦在线学习网   3) --- You forgot your purse when you went out. --- Good heavens, ____ .

学习啦在线学习网   A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did

  解析:错选A。 本题空处不表跟前面情况一样,只是对上述情况的随声附和,所以不用倒装。正确答案B。

  4)Only when the war was over ____ to hometown.

  A. did the soldier return B. the soldier returned

  C. returned the soldier D. the soldier did return

  解析:only 引导状语或状语从句时主句要用部分倒装。此题为一般过去时,须在主语前加did, 故正确答案为A。

学习啦在线学习网   5) ____ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to see films so often.

  A. If it is not B Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not

  解析:错选A。此题关键是前后时态要呼应。本题是一个虚拟条件句,根据主句的时态,应该是对过去情况的虚拟,所以往前推一个时态的话,应该是过去完成时。故正确答案为C。

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