高中英语必备基础句型和时态
学习啦在线学习网 英语学习常考句型填空以及对语法时态的考察,下面是小编给大家带来的高中英语必备基础句型和时态,希望能够帮助到大家!
高中英语必备基础句型和时态
必背句型
句型1:There+be +主语+地点状语/ 时间状语
学习啦在线学习网 There're three books on the table.
学习啦在线学习网 桌子上有三本书。
句型2:What's wrong with+sb./sth.?
学习啦在线学习网 What's wrong with your telephone?
学习啦在线学习网 你的手机有什么毛病?
句型3:How do you like…?
How do you like China?你觉得中国怎么样?
句型4:What do you like about…?
学习啦在线学习网 What do you like about China?
你喜欢中国的什么?
句型5:had better(not)+动词原形
You'd better ask that policeman over there.
你最好去问问那边的那个警察。
句型7:Thank+sb.+for (doing) sth.
学习啦在线学习网 Thank you for coming to see me.
感谢你来看我。
学习啦在线学习网 句型8:So+be/情态动词/助动词+主语
He is a student. So am I.
学习啦在线学习网 他是一个学生,我也是。
学习啦在线学习网 句型9:not…until…
He didn't have supper until his parents came back.
直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。
学习啦在线学习网 句型10:比较级十and+比较级
学习啦在线学习网 The baby cried harder and harder.
那孩子哭得越来越厉害。
句型11:the+比较级,the+比较级
学习啦在线学习网 The more one has,the more one wants.
学习啦在线学习网 拥有的越多,想要的越多。
学习啦在线学习网 句型12:…as+adj./adv.+as…
…not as(so)+adj./adv.+as…
Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today.
上个星期天的天气不如今天的天气潮湿。
句型13:more/less +adj.+than…
I think art is less important than music.
我认为艺术不如音乐重要。
句型14:stop…from doing sth.
学习啦在线学习网 The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
学习啦在线学习网 绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。
句型15:both…and…
Both you and I are students.
学习啦在线学习网 我和你都是学生。
句型16:either…or…
Either you or he is wrong.
学习啦在线学习网 不是你错就是他错。
学习啦在线学习网 句型17:neither…nor…
学习啦在线学习网 Neither he nor I am a student.
我和他都不是学生。
句型18:…as soon as…
As soon as I see him, I'll give him the message.
我一见到他就把你的消息告诉他。
学习啦在线学习网 句型19:so+adj./adv.+that…
I was so tired that I didn't want to speak.
我累得连话也不想说了。
句型20:Though…十主句
学习啦在线学习网 Though I like writing to my pen-friend,it takes a lot of time.
虽然我喜欢给笔友写信,但它要耗费我大量时间。
句型21:be going to
This afternoon I'm going to buy an English book.
今天下午我要去买本英语书。
句型22:be different from
I think this is different from Chinese names.
我认为这与汉语名字不同。
句型23:Welcome (back) to…
Welcome back to school!
欢迎回到学校!
学习啦在线学习网 句型24:have fun doing
学习啦在线学习网 We're going to have fun learning English this term.
这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习讲英语。
学习啦在线学习网 句型25:…because…/…, so..…
I don't know all your names because this is our first lesson.
学习啦在线学习网 因为这是我们的第一节课,所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。
句型26:Why don't you…/ Why not…?
Why don't you come to school a little earlier?
学习啦在线学习网 为什么不早点到校呢?
句型27:make it
学习啦在线学习网 Let's make it half past nine.
让我们定在九点半吧!
句型28:have nothing to do
They have nothing to do every day.
他们每天无所事事。
句型29:be sure/be sure of/ about sth. /be sure to do sth.
学习啦在线学习网 I was not sure of/about the way, so I asked someone.
学习啦在线学习网 我对于怎么走没有把握,所以我问别人了。
学习啦在线学习网 句型30:between…and…
There is a shop between the hospital and the school.
在那家医院和那所学校之间有一家商店。
句型31:keep sb. /sth. +adj. /V-ing /介词补语 /adv.
学习啦在线学习网 You must keep your classroom clean.
你们必须保持教室干净。
Sorry to have kept you waiting.
学习啦在线学习网 对不起,让你久等。
句型32:find+宾语+宾补
He finds it very hard to travel around the big city.他发现要环游这个大城市是很难的。
句型33:…not…any more / longer
The old man doesn't travel any more.
这位老人不再旅行了。
学习啦在线学习网 句型34:What's the weather like…?
学习啦在线学习网 What's the weather like in spring in your hometown?
在你们家乡,春天天气怎么样?
句型35:There is no time to do/have no time to do
There was no time to think.
没有时间思考。
学习啦在线学习网 I have no time to go home for lunch.
我没有时间回家吃午饭。
句型36:Help oneself to…
Help yourself to some fish.
吃鱼吧!
句型37:used to do
学习啦在线学习网 I used to read this kind of story books.
我过去常读这种故事书。
句型38:borrow…from
学习啦在线学习网 I borrowed a book from him.
我从他那借了一本书。
句型39:lend sb. sth. /lend sth. to sb.
He lent me a story book/He lent a story book to me.
学习啦在线学习网 他借了本故事书给我。
句型40:have been to
学习啦在线学习网 Have you ever been to Hawaii?
你曾去过夏威夷吗?
学习啦在线学习网 句型41:have gone to
Where's he? He's gone to Washington.
他在哪儿?他去华盛顿了。
句型42:be famous for
Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches.夏威夷以它美丽的海滩而出名。
句型43:No matter+疑问句+主句
学习啦在线学习网 No matter when you come,you are welcomed.
无论你们什么时候来,都受欢迎。
句型44:be afraid (of/to do/that..)
Don't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.
学习啦在线学习网 当说英语时不要害怕犯错误。
句型45:…as…as possible/…as…as sb. can
I hope to see him as soon as possible.
学习啦在线学习网 我希望能尽快见到他。
He ran here as fast as he could.
他尽最大努力跑到这儿。
学习啦在线学习网 句型46:practise /enjoy/finish doing
学习啦在线学习网 Tom enjoys playing football very much.
汤姆很喜欢踢足球。
学习啦在线学习网 He finished reading the story book.
学习啦在线学习网 他看完了那本故事书。
学习啦在线学习网 句型47:ask sb. (not) to do sth.
Her mother ask her to clean the room.
学习啦在线学习网 她妈妈叫她打扫房间。
学习啦在线学习网 句型48:be worth (doing) …
This book is worth reading.
这本书值得读。
学习啦在线学习网 句型49:seem to do / seem +adj. / (介词短语)
He seems to be angry.
他似乎生气了。
The house seems too noisy.
学习啦在线学习网 这房子似乎太吵了。
学习啦在线学习网 句型50:It's said that…
It's said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark.
学习啦在线学习网 据说大白鲨是最危险的鲨鱼之一。
8 大时态结构
一、一般现在时
1、概念:表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;事实真理。
2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.
3.基本结构:主语+动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
学习啦在线学习网 4.否定形式:主语+am / is / are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加 don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用 doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把 be 动词放于句首;用助动词 do 提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用 does,同时,还原行为动词。
eg:
①It seldom snows here. 这里很少下雪。
②He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于帮助别人。
学习啦在线学习网 ③Action speaks louder than words. 事实胜雄辩。
二、一般过去时
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.
3.基本结构:主语+动词的过去式或 be 的过去式+名词
4.否定形式:主语+was / were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
学习啦在线学习网 5.一般疑问句:was 或 were 放于句首;用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
eg:
①She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。
②I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你这么忙。
三、一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
学习啦在线学习网 2.时间状语:Tomorrow, next day (week,month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow,etc.
3.基本结构:主语+am/is / are+going to+do+其它;主语+will / shall+do+其它
4.否定形式:主语+am /is/ are not going to+do;主语+will / shall not do+其它
5.一般疑问句:be 放于句首;will / shall 提到句首。(首字母大写)
eg:
①They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将在学习中与我们竞争。
②It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
四、一般过去将来时
学习啦在线学习网 1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
学习啦在线学习网 2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.
3.基本结构:主语+was / were+going to+do+其它;主语+would / should+do+其它
学习啦在线学习网 4.否定形式:主语+was / were+not+going to+do+其它;主语+would/should+not+do.
学习啦在线学习网 5.一般疑问句:was 或 were 放于句首;would / should 提到句首
eg:
学习啦在线学习网 ①He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 他说他第二天要去北京。
学习啦在线学习网 ②I asked who was going there. 我问,谁要去那里。
五、现在进行时
学习啦在线学习网 1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, look, listen, etc.
学习啦在线学习网 3.基本结构:主语+be+doing+其它
4.否定形式:主语+be+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
eg:
①Are you feeling good today?你今天感觉如何?
学习啦在线学习网 ②He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
六、过去进行时
学习啦在线学习网 1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
学习啦在线学习网 2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
学习啦在线学习网 3.基本结构: 主语+was / were+doing+其它
学习啦在线学习网 4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑问句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一个字母大写)
eg:
①At that time she was working in a company. 那段时间她在一家公司工作。
学习啦在线学习网 ②When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 他进来时,我正在读报纸。
七、现在完成时
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
学习啦在线学习网 2.时间状语:yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+时间点,for+时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years,etc.
3.基本结构:主语+have / has+过去分词+其它
4.否定形式:主语+have / has+not+过去分词+其它
5.一般疑问句:have 或 has 放句首。
eg:
①I've written an article. 我已经写了一篇论文。
学习啦在线学习网 ②The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在过去的几年,农村发生了巨大的变化。
八、过去完成时
1.概念:过去发生或者已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc.
3.基本结构:had+done.
4.否定形式:had+not+done.
5.一般疑问句:had 放于句首。
6.用法:
(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句中。
eg:
学习啦在线学习网 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她从来没有去过巴黎。
学习啦在线学习网 (2)在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。
eg:
学习啦在线学习网 ①When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。
(3)表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"。
eg:
①We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。
②I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我。
学习啦在线学习网 (注意: had hardly… when... 刚......就......)
学习啦在线学习网 ③He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。
(注意:had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……)