主谓一致语法讲解及练习题
下面学习啦小编为大家带来主谓一致语法讲解及练习题，欢迎大家学习
一.概念:
主谓一致是指：
1) 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
学习啦在线学习网 2) 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
学习啦在线学习网 3) 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
学习啦在线学习网 Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.
二.相关知识点精讲
学习啦在线学习网 1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：
Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
学习啦在线学习网 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题
学习啦在线学习网 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：
学习啦在线学习网 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
学习啦在线学习网 There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。
2)当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：
学习啦在线学习网 Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。
3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：
学习啦在线学习网 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。
He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。
4. 谓语需用单数的情况
1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如：
学习啦在线学习网 Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。
学习啦在线学习网 There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。
2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。
3)表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三个星期来做准备。
学习啦在线学习网 Ten yuan is enough. 十元够了。
学习啦在线学习网 5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：
All is right. 一切顺利。
All are present. 人都到齐了。
2)集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：
学习啦在线学习网 His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。
学习啦在线学习网 His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。
学习啦在线学习网 但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：
Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗?
学习啦在线学习网 3)有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。例如：
A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
学习啦在线学习网 The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
学习啦在线学习网 6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况
1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：
Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。
学习啦在线学习网 2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如： A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。
学习啦在线学习网 A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。
3)如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如：
Many a person has read the novel. 许多人读过这本书。
学习啦在线学习网 More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。
三.练习题及答案：
1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
2. The rich ____ not always happy.
学习啦在线学习网 A.are B.is C.has D.have
3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students.
学习啦在线学习网 A.are B.am C.is D.was
4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.
A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study
5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
学习啦在线学习网 6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.,
学习啦在线学习网 A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is
学习啦在线学习网 7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.
A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like
8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.
学习啦在线学习网 A.was B.is C. would be D.are
9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
10. Every means ____ tried but without any result.
A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been
学习啦在线学习网 11. Alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule.
学习啦在线学习网 A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished
学习啦在线学习网 12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.
A.is B.was C.are D.is being
13. The great writer and professor____.
A. is an old man B. are both old men
C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese
14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.
A.are B.is C.has D.have
学习啦在线学习网 15. A large number of students in our class____ girls.
A. are B. was C. is D. be
学习啦在线学习网 16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are.
学习啦在线学习网 A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed
学习啦在线学习网 17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
学习啦在线学习网 18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published.
A. has been B.have been C.was D.is
学习啦在线学习网 19. A chemical works____ built there.
学习啦在线学习网 A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been
20. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years.
A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five
答案：
学习啦在线学习网 1~5 AAACA 6~10 CBDAD 11~15 ACABA 16~20 AABDB