英语四级真题试卷
真题，是指真正在省级以上测试中出现过的原题，多出现在考试资料、练习册中。历年英语四级真题旨在提高学生综合运用英语的水平和能力，以期达到事半功倍的效果。下面是小编收集推荐的英语四级真题试卷，仅供参考，欢迎阅读。
2018年英语四级真题试卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
________________________________________________________________________
学习啦在线学习网________________________________________________________________________
学习啦在线学习网________________________________________________________________________
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面
学习啦在线学习网Section A News Report
学习啦在线学习网Directions： In this section， you will hear three news reports。 At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions。 Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）， B）， C） and D）。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
学习啦在线学习网Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
学习啦在线学习网1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.
学习啦在线学习网B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.
C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.
D) Gather data from the moon with a tiny device.
学习啦在线学习网2. A) It is stable.
学习啦在线学习网B) It is durable.
C) It is inexpensive.
D) It is sophisticated.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) It lasted more than six hours.
B) No injuries were yet reported.
C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.
学习啦在线学习网D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.
4. A) Recruit and train more firefighters.
B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.
C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.
D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.
学习啦在线学习网Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Shrinking potato farming.
B) Heavy reliance on import.
C) Widespread plant disease.
学习啦在线学习网D) Insufficient potato supply.
学习啦在线学习网6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.
学习啦在线学习网B) It wants to expand its own farming.
C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.
学习啦在线学习网D) It is worried about unfair competition.
7. A) Global warming.
B) Ever-rising prices.
C) Government regulation.
学习啦在线学习网D) Diminishing investment.
Section B Conversation
学习啦在线学习网Directions： In this section， you will hear two long conversations。 At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions。 Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question。 You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
学习啦在线学习网Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
学习啦在线学习网8. A) Informative.
B) Inspiring.
C) Dull.
D) Shallow.
9. A) She types on a keyboard.
B) She does recording.
C) She takes photos.
学习啦在线学习网D) She takes notes.
10. A) It keeps her mind active.
B) It makes her stay awake.
学习啦在线学习网C) It enables her to think hard.
学习啦在线学习网D) It helps her kill time.
11. A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation.
学习啦在线学习网B) It helps her better remember what she learns.
C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.
D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.
学习啦在线学习网Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
学习啦在线学习网12. A) To spend her honeymoon.
B) To try authentic Indian food.
C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.
D) To trace the origin of a love story.
学习啦在线学习网13. A) In memory of a princess.
学习啦在线学习网B) In honor of a great emperor.
学习啦在线学习网C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.
D) To celebrate the birth of a princess's 14th child.
学习啦在线学习网14. A) It looks older than expected.
学习啦在线学习网B) It is built of wood and bricks.
C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.
D) It has walls decorated with jewels.
15. A) Their streets are narrow.
B) They are mostly crowded.
C) Each one has a unique character.
D) Life can be tedious in some places.
Section C Passage
Directions： In this section， you will hear three passages。 At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions。 Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They help spread the latest technology.
学习啦在线学习网B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.
学习啦在线学习网C) They provide residents with the resources needed.
D) They allow free access to digital books and videos.
学习啦在线学习网17. A) By helping them find jobs.
B) By inspiring their creativity.
C) By keeping them off the streets.
D) By providing a place of relaxation.
学习啦在线学习网18. A) Their interaction with teenagers proved fruitful.
B) They used libraries less often than teenagers.
学习啦在线学习网C) They tended to visit libraries regularly.
D) Their number increased modestly.
学习啦在线学习网Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
学习啦在线学习网19. A) It is the cleverest cat in the world.
B) It is the largest cat in Africa.
学习啦在线学习网C) It is an unusual cross breed.
学习啦在线学习网D) It is a large-sized wild cat.
20. A) They are as loyal as dogs.
B) They have unusually long tails.
学习啦在线学习网C) They are fond of sleeping in cabinets.
D) They know how to please their owners.
21. A) They shake their front paws.
B) They teach them to dive.
学习啦在线学习网C) They shower with them.
学习啦在线学习网D) They shout at them.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
学习啦在线学习网22. A) Anxious and depressed.
学习啦在线学习网B) Contented and relieved.
C) Excited but somewhat sad.
D) Proud but a bit nervous.
学习啦在线学习网23. A) It is becoming parents biggest concern.
B) It is gaining increasing public attention.
C) It depends on their parents for success.
学习啦在线学习网D) It starts the moment they are born.
24. A) Set a good example for them to follow.
学习啦在线学习网B) Read books and magazines to them.
学习啦在线学习网C) Help them to learn by themselves.
D) Choose the right school for them.
学习啦在线学习网25. A) Their intelligence.
学习啦在线学习网B) Their home life.
C) The effort they put in learning.
D) The quality of their school.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious ___26___ occurring in the developing world.
The figures include a number of costs ___27___ with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to 5 billion a year.
学习啦在线学习网The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes ___28___ like home heating and cooking, has remained ___29___ over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.
学习啦在线学习网Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray ___30___ it as an “urgent call to action.” One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little ___31___, he said.
The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income ___32___ nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low and middle-income countries live in places where they ___33___ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.
学习啦在线学习网But the problem is not limited ___34___ to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U. S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel (柴油) ___35___ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.
A) ability
学习啦在线学习网B) associate
C) consciously
D) constant
E) control
F) damage
G) described
H) equals
I) exclusively
J) innovated
K) regularly
L) relates
M) sources
N) undermine
学习啦在线学习网O) vehicles
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
学习啦在线学习网Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing Progress
A) Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph's market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy. "Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?" he asks her. "The frozen oranges and apples are a little cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare; you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning."
B) Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center's "Shop with Your Doc" program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around with questions.
C) Nаdеаu nоt?се? thе рrе-mаdе mасаrоn?（通心粉）-аnd-сhее?е bохе? ?n ?соtt'? ?hорр?ng саrt аnd suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. "So I'd have to make it?" she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. "I'm not sure they'd eat it. They just won't eat it."
D) Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. "In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food," Nadeau tells her. "And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that." Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.
E) Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it's making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications（药物）. By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as "Shop with Your Doc", they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. "There's no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices," Nadeau says.
学习啦在线学习网F) In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and president of St. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. "We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food," says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital's medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. "We want people to understand what they're eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives."
G) In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine—that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation's high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood, pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.
学习啦在线学习网H) "It's a different paradigm（范式）of how to treat disease," says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patient's nutritional habits. The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.
学习啦在线学习网I) Many people don't know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient's life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient's family. "What people eat can be medicine or poison," Rea says. "As a physician, nutrition is one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease."
J) Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation（炎症）, for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cell. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet—particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.
学习啦在线学习网K) "As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen," says Nguyen. "In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can have a bigger voice in it."
36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.
学习啦在线学习网37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.
学习啦在线学习网38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.
学习啦在线学习网39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.
40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.
学习啦在线学习网41. One food-as -medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.
42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.
43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.
44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.
45. Americans' high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.
Section C
学习啦在线学习网Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted （抽取）. The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers（地下蓄水层）below this depth and found that reserves may be triple what was previously thought.
It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the gradual setting down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth above.
Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating（脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.
学习啦在线学习网One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.
46. How could California's drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?
学习啦在线学习网A) By building more reserves of groundwater.
B) By drawing water from the depths of the earth.
C) By developing more advanced drilling devices.
D) By upgrading its water distribution system.
47. What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?
A) It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.
B) It was not considered worth the expense.
学习啦在线学习网C) It may not provide quality freshwater.
D) It is bound to gain support from the local people.
学习啦在线学习网48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?
学习啦在线学习网A) The sinking of land surface.
学习啦在线学习网B) The harm to the ecosystem.
C) The damage to aquifers.
D) The change of the climate.
学习啦在线学习网49. What does the author say about deep wells?
A) They run without any need for repairs.
B) They are entirely free from pollutants.
C) They are the ultimate solution to droughts.
D) They provide a steady supply of freshwater.
学习啦在线学习网50. What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?
A) People's health may improve with cleaner water.
学习啦在线学习网B) People's water bills may be lowered considerably.
学习啦在线学习网C) The cost may go up due to desalination.
D) They may be exhausted sooner or later.
学习啦在线学习网Passage Two
学习啦在线学习网Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
The AlphaGo programs victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?
One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?
Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
About the same time as AlphaGo's triumph, Microsoft's 'chatbot' took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
学习啦在线学习网AlphaGo's victory and Taylor's defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.
学习啦在线学习网Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and "just better human beings."
51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo's victory?
学习啦在线学习网A) Computers will prevail over human beings.
学习啦在线学习网B) Computers have unmatched potential.
C) Computers are man's potential rivals.
D) Computers can become highly intelligent.
学习啦在线学习网52. What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?
学习啦在线学习网A) They are capable of predicting possible risks.
学习啦在线学习网B) They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.
学习啦在线学习网C) They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
D) They sacrifice everything to save human lives.
53. What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?
A) How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.
B) How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.
学习啦在线学习网C) How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.
D) How to avoid being over-dependent on AI machines.
学习啦在线学习网54. What do we learn about Microsoft's "chatbot" Taylor?
学习啦在线学习网A) She could not distinguish good from bad.
B) She could turn herself off when necessary.
学习啦在线学习网C) She was not made to handle novel situations.
D) She was good at performing routine tasks.
学习啦在线学习网55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?
学习啦在线学习网A) It will be far superior to human beings.
学习啦在线学习网B) It will keep improving as time goes by.
C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
学习啦在线学习网D) It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.
学习啦在线学习网Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人速度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。他们现在经常在智能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传统报刊。大量移动应用程序（apps）的开发使人们能用手机读小说和其他形式的文学作品。因此，纸质书籍的销售受到了影响。但调查显示，尽管智能手机阅读市场稳步增长，超半数成年人仍喜欢读纸质书。
学习啦在线学习网2018年12月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
The Challenges of Living in a Big City
学习啦在线学习网①With the development of economy and urbanization, the number of big cities is constantly increasing in China. ②While big cities are attracting more and more people, they also bring many challenges, such as traffic jam and pollution, just to name a few.
③The first problem that really bothers me is the traffic congestion during rush hours. I hate waiting for buses and being late for school or work. ④The next problem is that the large population in big cities makes them so crowded that we can hardly find a peaceful place unless staying at home. Supermarkets are always crowded, so are cinemas and parks. ⑤Another consequence of the large population is that it intensifies the inadequacy of high-quality medical and educational resources, thus decreasing residents' sense of happiness.
学习啦在线学习网⑥As a result, although I am frequently asked whether I like to live in a big city or not, my answer is always: "no, definitely not." What about you?
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. D
10. A
11. B
12. A
13. A
14. D
15. B
16. C
17. B
18. D
19. C
20. A
21. C
22. C
23. D
24. A
25. B
学习啦在线学习网Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35：FBMDG EHKIO
36-45：DBGAI FCJRG
学习啦在线学习网46-55：BBADC DCBAC
学习啦在线学习网Part IV Translation
Because of the rapid development of communication network, the number of smartphone users in China has increased at an astonishing rate in recent years, which has significantly changed the way many people read. Nowadays they often read news and articles on smartphones instead of buying traditional newspapers and periodicals. The development of numerous mobile apps has enabled people to read novels and other forms of literary works on their mobile phones. Therefore, the sales of paper books have been affected. But surveys show that though smartphone reading market has grown steadily, over half of adults still enjoy reading paper books.
英语四级真题试卷相关文章：
★ 四级真题
★
英语四级真题试卷
上一篇：英语四级听力真题分享
下一篇：四级考试真题及答案大全
