大学英语四级考试题2008听力(2)
大学英语四级考试题2008听力
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.
At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.
学习啦在线学习网 Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question,
you must choose the best answer
学习啦在线学习网 from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
学习啦在线学习网 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
学习啦在线学习网 Members of the city council and distinguished guests,
学习啦在线学习网 it is my privilege to introduce to you today Mr. Robert Washington,
学习啦在线学习网 chief of our city's police force.
He will address us on the subject of the Community Policing Program.
学习啦在线学习网 Most of you know that Mr. Washington has a distinguished record
学习啦在线学习网 as head of our police force for more than ten years.
However, you may not know
学习啦在线学习网 that he also holds a master's degree in criminology
学习啦在线学习网 and studied abroad for a year with the international police force
学习啦在线学习网 which deals with crimes around the world.
Mr. Washington first introduced the Community Policing Program 8 years ago.
The idea behind the program is to get the police officers
学习啦在线学习网 out of their cars and into our neighborhoods
where they can talk directly to merchants and residents
about the real dynamics of our city.
These officers do more than make arrests.
They try to find ways to help solve the problems
学习啦在线学习网 that contribute to crime in the first place.
Often that means hooking people up
with services offered by other city agencies,
such as schools, hospitals,
学习啦在线学习网 housing, drug treatment centers.
And the program seems to be working:
crime is down and our citizens report
学习啦在线学习网 that they feel more secure.
Today Mr. Washington is going to tell us more about this program.
Now let's welcome Mr. Robert Washington.
学习啦在线学习网 Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
学习啦在线学习网 26.What is the purpose of the speaker's remarks?
学习啦在线学习网 27.What does the speaker say about Mr. Robert Washington?
28.What is the idea behind the Community Policing Program?
学习啦在线学习网 29.How has the Community Policing Program turned out to be?
Passage Two
学习啦在线学习网 There are between 3000 and 6000 public languages in the world,
and we must add approximately 6 billion private languages
since each one of us necessarily has one.
Considering these facts,
the possibilities for breakdowns in communication seem infinite in number.
However, we do communicate successfully from time to time.
学习啦在线学习网 And we do learn to speak languages.
But learning to speak languages seems to be a very mysterious process.
学习啦在线学习网 For a long time,
学习啦在线学习网 people thought that we learned a language
only by imitation and association.
学习啦在线学习网 For example, a baby touches a hot pot and starts to cry.
学习啦在线学习网 The mother says, “Hot, hot!”
And the baby, when it stops crying,
imitates the mother and says, “Hot, hot!”
学习啦在线学习网 However, Noam Chomsky, a famous expert in language,
pointed out that although children do learn some words
by imitation and association,
they also combine words to make meaningful sentences
学习啦在线学习网 in ways that are unique,
学习啦在线学习网 unlearned and creative.
Because young children can make sentences they have never heard before,
学习啦在线学习网 Chomsky suggested that human infants
are born with the ability to learn language.
Chomsky meant that underneath all the differences
between public and private languages,
there is a universal language mechanism
that makes it possible for us, as infants,
学习啦在线学习网 to learn any language in the world.
学习啦在线学习网 This theory explains the potential
that human infants have for learning language.
学习啦在线学习网 But it does not really explain
学习啦在线学习网 how children come to use language in particular ways.
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30.Why does the speaker say
学习啦在线学习网 there are great possibilities for communication breakdowns?
学习啦在线学习网 31.What is Chomsky's point on the ability to learn a language?
32.What does Chomsky's theory fail to explain according to the speaker?
学习啦在线学习网 Passage Three
When US spacewoman Joan Higginbotham
is not flying and working in space,
学习啦在线学习网 she might be found somewhere on earth giving a speech.
Higginbotham, who grew up in Chicago
学习啦在线学习网 and became an engineer before joining NASA,
学习啦在线学习网 that is the National Air and Space Administration,
学习啦在线学习网 gives about a dozen speeches a year.
Each speech is different
because she tailors her remarks to each audience.
Through interviews and E-mails,
she finds out in advance her listeners educational level
学习啦在线学习网 and what information they want to know.
On the subject of space walks, for example,
audiences vary in their interests
学习啦在线学习网 and how much complexity they can comprehend.
To elementary school children,
Higginbotham may discuss a problem
that many kids want to know about.
学习啦在线学习网 “How do spacemen in a spacesuit eat,
学习啦在线学习网 drink, and go to the bathroom?”
学习啦在线学习网 Her answer is “the spacesuit is really a small spacecraft
with room for food and water-containers,
and a waste collection system.”
学习啦在线学习网 To a high school audience,
学习啦在线学习网 she might satisfy a curiosity that often arises
学习啦在线学习网 in her pre-speech interviews with students
学习啦在线学习网 who obviously have seen many science fiction movies.
学习啦在线学习网 "Do spacemen carry weapons in case they encounter enemies in space?"
学习啦在线学习网 Her answer is “No”.
To scientists, she might provide technical details
on such topics as the design of spacesuits that protects spacemen
学习啦在线学习网 from the deadly temperature extremes of space.
学习啦在线学习网 Just as elaborate preparation is required for success in space,
Higginbotham says that it's important for speakers
学习啦在线学习网 to learn as much as possible about their listeners
学习啦在线学习网 before a speech because every audience is different.
学习啦在线学习网 Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
学习啦在线学习网 33.What did Joan Higginbotham do before joining in NASA?
学习啦在线学习网 34.How does Higginbotham prepare her speech on space walks?
35.What does the high school audience want to know about space travel?
Section C
Directions:
In this section, you will hear a passage three times.
When the passage is read for the first time,
学习啦在线学习网 you should listen carefully for its general idea.
When the passage is read for the second time,
you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43
with the exact words you have just heard.
For blanks numbered from 44 to 46
学习啦在线学习网 you are required to fill in the missing information.
For these blanks,
you can either use the exact words you have just heard
or write down the main points in your own words.
Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,
学习啦在线学习网 you should check what you have written.
Crime is increasing worldwide.
学习啦在线学习网 There is every reason to believe the trend
will continue through the next few decades.
学习啦在线学习网 Crime rates have always been high in multicultural,
industrialized societies such as the United States,
学习啦在线学习网 but a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene
—rapidly rising crime rates in nations
that previously reported few offences.
学习啦在线学习网 Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder,
and auto theft are clearly rising,
particularly in eastern European countries such as Hungary
学习啦在线学习网 and in western European nations such as the Untied Kingdom.
What is driving this crime explosion?
There are no simple answers.
学习啦在线学习网 Still, there are certain conditions associated with rising crime:
学习啦在线学习网 increasing heterogeneity of population,
学习啦在线学习网 greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration,
学习啦在线学习网 democratization of governments, changing national borders,
greater economic growth
and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.
学习啦在线学习网 These conditions are increasingly observable around the world.
学习啦在线学习网 For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous,
such as Japan, Denmark, and Greece,
学习啦在线学习网 are now facing the sort of cultural variety
that has been common in America for most of its history.
Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience,
but it can also lead to a clash of values.
学习啦在线学习网 Heterogeneity in societies
学习啦在线学习网 will be the rule in the twenty first century,
学习啦在线学习网 and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity
can lead to serious crime problems.
学习啦在线学习网 Crime is increasing worldwide.
There is every reason to believe the trend
will continue through the next few decades.
Crime rates have always been high in multicultural,
industrialized societies such as the United States,
学习啦在线学习网 but a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene
学习啦在线学习网 —rapidly rising crime rates in nations
学习啦在线学习网 that previously reported few offences.
学习啦在线学习网 Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder,
and auto theft are clearly rising,
学习啦在线学习网 particularly in eastern European countries such as Hungary
and in western European nations such as the Untied Kingdom.
学习啦在线学习网 What is driving this crime explosion?
There are no simple answers.
Still, there are certain conditions associated with rising crime:
increasing heterogeneity of population,
学习啦在线学习网 greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration,
democratization of governments, changing national borders,
greater economic growth
学习啦在线学习网 and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.
These conditions are increasingly observable around the world.
For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous,
such as Japan, Denmark, and Greece,
are now facing the sort of cultural variety
that has been common in America for most of its history.
学习啦在线学习网 Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience,
but it can also lead to a clash of values.
Heterogeneity in societies
will be the rule in the twenty first century,
and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity
can lead to serious crime problems.
Crime is increasing worldwide.
学习啦在线学习网 There is every reason to believe the trend
will continue through the next few decades.
Crime rates have always been high in multicultural,
industrialized societies such as the United States,
学习啦在线学习网 but a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene
—rapidly rising crime rates in nations
学习啦在线学习网 that previously reported few offences.
Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder,
学习啦在线学习网 and auto theft are clearly rising,
学习啦在线学习网 particularly in eastern European countries such as Hungary
and in western European nations such as the Untied Kingdom.
What is driving this crime explosion?
学习啦在线学习网 There are no simple answers.
Still, there are certain conditions associated with rising crime:
increasing heterogeneity of population,
greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration,
democratization of governments, changing national borders,
greater economic growth
学习啦在线学习网 and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.
These conditions are increasingly observable around the world.
学习啦在线学习网 For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous,
such as Japan, Denmark, and Greece,
学习啦在线学习网 are now facing the sort of cultural variety
学习啦在线学习网 that has been common in America for most of its history.
Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience,
but it can also lead to a clash of values.
学习啦在线学习网 Heterogeneity in societies
will be the rule in the twenty first century,
and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity
学习啦在线学习网 can lead to serious crime problems.
大学英语四级考试(CET4)历年真题听力2008年12月大学英语四级听力真题答案
11. D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.
12. D) A carpenter.
学习啦在线学习网 13. C) Make inquires elsewhere.
14. C) He has gained some weight lately.
学习啦在线学习网 15. D) He doesn’t like abstract paintings.
16. B) She may have put her notebook amid the journals.
17. A) She wants to get some sleep.
18. B) His chance of getting the job is slim.
学习啦在线学习网 19. A He can manage his time more flexible.
20. D Searching its website.
21. D To utilize its retired employee’s resources.
学习啦在线学习网 22 C See a piece of property.
23. B It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.
学习啦在线学习网 24. C It may now be big enough for raising corn.
25. A Finances.
26. A) To introduce the chief of the city’ police force.
27. D) He holds a master’s degree in criminology.
28. B) To get police officers closer to the local people.
29. C) Effective.
学习啦在线学习网 30. B) There are numerous languages in existence.
31. C) It is something we are born with.
32. D) How children learn to use language.
学习啦在线学习网 33. B) She was an engineer.
34. C) Adjusting them to different audiences.
35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons.
学习啦在线学习网 Crime is increasing worldwide. There is every reason to believe the trend will continue through the next few decades. Crime rates have always been high in multicultural industrialized societies such as the United States. But a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene, rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few offenses. Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder and auto theft are clearly rising, particularly in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the United Kingdom. What is driving this crime explosion? There are no simple answers. Still, there’re certain conditions associated with rising crime. Increasing heterogeneity of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of governments, changing national borders, greater economic growth, and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong. These conditions are increasing observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous such as Japan, Denmark, and Greece are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history. Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century, and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.
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