考研英语阅读精读真题精选

时间：2020-06-03 18:10:05 淑贤744由分享

　　考研英语成绩提高需要考生重点关注阅读部分，阅读部分所占分值较高，决定着考研的成败。下面就是学习啦小编给大家整理的考研英语阅读精读真题，希望对你有用!

　　考研英语阅读原文

学习啦在线学习网　　"There is one and only one social responsibility of business" wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist

　　"That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits."

　　But even if you accept Friedman's premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders's money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut.

　　New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.

学习啦在线学习网　　The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.

　　This could add value to their businesses in three ways.

学习啦在线学习网　　First, consumers may take CSR spending as a "signal" that a company's products are of high quality.

学习啦在线学习网　　Second, customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps.

　　And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect" whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.

学习啦在线学习网　　Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three.

　　A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American's Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA).

　　It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.

学习啦在线学习网　　The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties.

学习啦在线学习网　　Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm's political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.

学习啦在线学习网　　In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company's record in CSR.

　　"We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials." says one researcher.

　　Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR.

　　Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies.

　　But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.